FIN 370 Week 3 Learning Team Assignment Essay

Learning Team: Current Market Conditions Competitive Analysis This paper will give a short history and portrayals of Apple’s I Pad minicomputer. It will likewise give factors that influence request, flexibly, and harmony costs in the market. Issues that Apple faces that influence its intensity will likewise be tended to. Finally, this paper will distinguish the drawn out productivity of the iPad including, value versatility of interest, mechanical advancement, and cost structure. Steven Jobs and Steven Wozniak were companions in secondary school, which shared like inspired by gadgets. They planned what might turn into the Apple and on April 1, 1976, Apple Computer was conceived. This is an American based organization situated in California. Mac has practical experience in configuration progressing, and the business hardware, program, and PCs. Mac is authorize for the absolute most mainstream results of the cutting edge universe of innovation, for example, iPod, iPhone, iPad, a nd iTunes. Apple has extended its retail locations to fourteen nations worldwide with 408 retail location also their online stores, Apple Store and iTunes. Apple’s esteem as of March 2013 is $415 million, and it is the biggest most traded on an open market organizations. The iPad is a tablet structured minicomputer that was discharged in 2010 by Apple. This gadget has furnished with Wi-Fi and has a multi-contact screen. There are five distinct variants of this specific tablet. Each has the capacity to play music, record recordings, a camera work, perusing the web, messaging. Games, GPS route framework, and long range interpersonal communication can likewise be downloaded to the gadget. A market is as an assortment of buyers and retailers of a particular product or administration. Request is the real volume that customers are readied and ready to acquire. Amount required is the interest at a particular sum and is represented as the interest bend. The gracefully of an item is the amount th at makers are readied and skilled to pass on to the market the deal ofâ the item. The market can be broke down by coordinating the flexibly and request bend. Balance is the association of flexibly and request bends. The balance sum is where the number requested matches the number provided. An adjustment in cost doesn't really imply that the interest will change. It is more probable for the amount requested will influence the cost. On the off chance that the cost is changed the bend will move along the interest bend. At the point when the cost is decreased the amount request will be expanded. At the point when the IPad was discharged, it was the main item in that showcase around then. Hence, around then it totally controlled the tablet division. A few organizations attempted to fight with Apple, yet perceived their position just couldn't contend. The opposition battled Apple by making littler tablet that is a new spot for Apple. This creation worked and made Apple lose deals. The contenders quickly settled their place in the market. Value flexibility of interest is an issue that our association, Apple faces that influences our seriousness and long haul gainfulness with respect to the iPad. â€Å"Price flexibility of interest and gracefully lets us know precisely how amount reacts to an adjustment in cost. As versatility expands, amount reacts more to value changes. Request or gracefully is flexible, if the rate change in amount is more prominent than the rate change in price†(University Of Phoenix, 2010, pp. 154-157). In the wake of looking into information, explicitly focused to the three sorts of iPads; their evaluating, capacities and memory stockpiling, it was resolved that in the event that the cost of the iPads expanded; at that point the shoppers may not buy them (â€Å"What Is An Apple Ipad’s Elasticity Of Demand?†, 2012). The value versatility of interest reveals to us that in spite of the fact that Macintosh is extremely mechanical imaginative, however as it identifies with value flexibility of interest; the amount doesn't make a difference (all the changes, adjustments, increases, progressions, and so on.) shoppers will in any case buy the less expensive iPad (cost proficient) Apple ought not put resources into making more iPads. Consumer(s) can’t promptly distinguish/comprehend the significance/hugeness of having more abilities, memory, stockpiling, and so on. The consumer(s) would at last shop for and buy the iPad that’s increasingly helpful for their requirements. In spite of the fact that Macintosh has is extremely mechanical imaginative, however as it identifies with value flexibility of interest; the amount doesn't make a difference (all the changes, alterations, augmentations, progressions, and so forth.) buyers will in any case buy the less expensive iPad (cost efficient) Technological development is an open door for our association, (Apple) to confront that influences our seriousness and long haul productivity concerning the iPad. Through mechanical advancement our association will have the option to make enhancements to something that as of now exists, for example, the Apple iPad. Is the improvement to something that as of now exists. Mechanical development will consistently hugy affect Apple Corporation. As it straightforwardly identifies with the iPad, with the mechanical advancement, we can re-contribute and re-imagine the iPad. Similarly as with any result of this size, the cost will build, more highlights will be included, more stockpiling, greater inconstancy, and so on. For whatever length of time that we are imaginative and have a readiness to be inventive we will reliably carry new things to the market that will consistent interest the purchasers and adjusts to their mechanical needs. â€Å"Cost Structure (TC = FC + VC) is the expenses of creation, the ID of how expenses related with the creation of a decent or administration are conveyed all through the procedure The cost structure comprises of fixed costs, variable expenses and complete expense â€Å" (University Of Phoenix, 2010, pp. 283-285). As per â€Å"Internal Factors: Costs † (n.d.), † When breaking down cost, the advertiser will consider all costs expected to get the item to showcase incorporating tho se related with creation, promoting, circulation and friends organization (e.g., office cost). These expenses can be partitioned into two principle classifications: fixed expenses and variable costs†. Fixed expenses are costs that are spent and can't be recuperated (lease, credit intrigue, upkeep costs, security and managerial costs, frequently pay). The central point influencing fixed expenses are (1) Changes in business association, (2) Changes in innovation applied, (3) Sale of assembling hardware and (3) Decisions to embrace promoting exercises, and so forth. Variable expenses are costs that differ with creation. Elements influencing variable costs, including profitability and others that change the gracefully of and interest for work (interior elements), (1) Involve expenses of things that are either segments of the item (parts/bundling), (2) Directly connected with making the item (power to run a sequential construction system), (3) Coupons and (4) Variable costs, particularly for unmistakable items will in general decrease as more units are created. This is becaus e of the delivering company’s capacity to buy item segments at lower costs since part providers regularly provideâ discounted evaluating for huge amount buys (). All out cost the aggregate of all expenses of data sources utilized by a firm underway TC = FC + VC Apple is one of the world’s most appreciated brands. Consistently, as gossipy tidbits about Apple’s items begin to rise sites start to estimate which providers are probably going to win Apple’s business. Getting an agreement from Apple can lift a company’s esteem by a large number of dollars. On October 22 Apple discharged an assortment of new equipment and programming. Apple’s new iPad is unmistakably concentrating on improving the iPad item net revenue, while additionally keeping up it solid piece of the overall industry. One of the manners in which Apple can augment their benefit is by decreasing the cost of the first iPad scaled down. Another suggestion that can augment the benefit for Apple is to likewise make radical upgrades to the full-size iPad and the smaller than expected. Mac has four items in the iPad setup. While Apple chose to keep the cost of the iPad 2 at $399 Apple dropped the cost of the IPad scaled down to $299. The most up to date iPad, the new full-size iPad Air is more slender and lighter than the past full-size iPads and considerably more impressive. The new iPad Air will sell at $499, while the second new iPad tablet the iPad smaller than normal with Retina show will deal for $399. By Apple dropping the cost on the iPad smaller than normal this move should assist Apple with keeping up piece of the pie with it solid rivalry. Solid contenders like Google and Amazon have as of late dropped the costs on their well known tablets. Android tablets, for example, Google and the Kindle Fire have been picking up on Apple over the previous year with the lower costs and better. The Kindle Fire HD sold for $139, this by itself influenced Apple’s income. The value decline put Apple’s base iPad smaller than usual closer to the cost of Google and Amazon’s best in class tablets. Mac decided to drop the cost of the first iPad little tablets to expand their benefits with the opposition. By and large by dropping the cost, this will attract more people to the Apple iPad scaled down and increment Apple’s negligible incomes and benefit. This will keep Apple’s piece of the pie in rivalry with Google and Amazon without giving up a lot of productivity. Despite the fact that, there are a few rivals in this market, for example, The Kindle Fire, The Windows Tablet, Galaxy Table, and so forth none can maintain the measures that the iPad will convey. With the entirety of our progressions in innovation, research, speculations, and so forth we keep on being sought after. On the off chance that our enterprise keeps on being mechanical imaginati ve and beneficial; at that point we will keep on developing andâ consistently re-create. We will be increasingly gainful, developing and will remain cost effective; with regards to assembling and creating the iPad. Based

Current Technological Changes in Health Care - Free Sample

Question: Talk about theCurrent Technological Changes in Health Care. Answer: Presentation The new turns of events and strategies in social insurance frameworks throughout the hundreds of years have demonstrated that the marvel is certainly not a static item. Truth be told, as the elements in the framework transforms nearly regularly, Medical specialists spend restless evenings in attempting to figure out where social insurance will be in the following ten to twenty years. The article centers around the various investigations that have been led on clinical mechanical advances in medicinal services industry other than uncovering different developments and the general ramifications to the present clinical calling (Abraham, 2010). Mechanical Changes in Healthcare Industry Wellbeing and clinical consideration frameworks think about innovation as the most significant part to human communication. It is a key pointer of current wellbeing costs and to be sure the conveyor of things to come cost suggestions. Those in need have acclaimed this present move thinking about that specialists in the field have embraced different techniques for helping them. The mechanical headway has improved simpler treatment of malignancy, conveyance of children, cardiovascular failures, and numerous other wellbeing intricacies. Further investigations demonstrate that enormous changes in innovation have the capacity to turn into the principle powers of chance in the human services firms just as the significant wellspring of monetary riches develops (Bilibin Zorin, 2006). Along these lines the network has high expectation in innovation progression particularly when its suggestion is equipped towards wellbeing address. Present day wellbeing and clinical experts face inflexible ins urance agencies and broken clinical framework as significant obstacles in their line of obligations. In any case, all through this whole inescapable condition, they have astoundingly given patient consideration and created new social insurance strategies. It is accepted that as the new progression in this field keep calling; specialists will be better positioned at managing medical issues in a more practical way concerning enhancements in biomedical analysts (Chandra Cheek, 2001). Human services Field is Being Revolutionized by Three Main Changes: Populace Science for Treating Epidemics-Essentially, populace science is the investigation of general sickness and wellbeing inside gatherings. During wellbeing flare-ups in the past general wellbeing, experts would apply this technique as a method of moderating its spread. Right now, headway of innovation has improved the unrest clinical field through the investigation of populace science in clinical organizations. Other than doctors are in position survey and assess patients for an enormous scope, inspect the life expectancy and the demise pace of individuals inside a specific range lastly set up the recurrence of ailment along the human services pipeline. Ailments, for example, coronary illness, corpulence and malignant growth are right now on the ascent. Hence as opposed to regarding them as people populace science as an investigation will allow specialists consent to treat their pestilences in a huge scope way. In a perfect world, it will go about as practical system to the admi nistration (Karakolias Polyzos, 2014). Clinical Practice Guidelines-This is a rule that empowers experts to discover the most ideal method of rewarding the side effect of any disease and making sense of its motivation. The presentation of the PCs has made it simple for specialists to approach these insights immediately from their innovative devise. The human services framework in Taiwan is the most recent office to have grasped this new move. Numerous ailments and disarranges have risen since change hit social insurance field, and hence practically inconceivable for a solitary specialist to complete research to find out treatment of each sickness on the planet. In such manner they can, they incorporate and unite their discoveries with proof based rules making treatment of any ailment simpler (MACPHEE SURYAPRAKASH, 2011). Electronic Medical Records-This is the utilization of programming during the time spent clinical charging and coding of things with the sole motivation behind sending them electronically to the end clients. The most recent couple of decades has seen clinical charging and coding change from administrative work to the automated framework. The HIPAA laws require every single clinical specialist to have mechanically determined programming for conveying electronic costs (Kuan Kok, 2015). The utilization of PC empowers specialists to get to every single clinical report of the patient and discover the conceivable reason for ailment they might be experiencing. Plus, it has gotten huge straightforwardness the medicinal services framework through factual documentation of the accessible populace therefore forestalling pointless expenses. It can likewise go about as a guard dog on the utilization of fund by the administration being up to date of how much cash ought to be repaid for rewarding pat ients. The courses through which innovation has changed the field of medicinal services is colossal. There is no uncertainty that numerous parts of our lives are legitimately and relatively affected by any change made by the board of these foundations. To this end better and significantly greater treatment has been made open to all. Its presentation has its sheer of extraordinary points of interest to the wellbeing specialists since they are better positioned in investigating and doing research online thus being familiar with the fix of momentum sickness. There is likewise improved consideration and productivity that keeps on working consummately in the patient consideration offices because of the data that patients are guaranteed of through IT. At the point when patients enter the human services framework, they are eager of the high caliber of lab results, appropriate and refreshed records of clinical treatment and in any event concentrated region of data gathering. In this manner, they wi ll have a positive impression of expanded degree of effectiveness in information assortment (Vab, 2009). Most social insurance projects and malady control components are directed and improved by use of explicit programming program. For instance WHO has a database which establishes in excess of 14,000 codes that arrange sickness, with respect to their causes and manifestations appropriately. This scene empowers clinical specialists to recover and utilize significant data to create the correct conclusion for battling and controlling rising wellbeing ailment. Patients recognize the way that the presentation of programming has advanced another kind of straightforwardness and responsibility in the medicinal services frameworks; while specialists invest wholeheartedly in the manner in which mind blowing benefits gathered from the utilization of electronic clinical records in this manner diminishing administrative work levels. The extent of the present use of mechanical changes in human services fields can be followed from the organization and clinical applications (Orlova, 2015). Organization Applications of Information Technology Mechanized referral and preparing Persistent records that are modernized Bookkeeping and charging/mechanized confirmation information Administrative choice backings frameworks Mechanized administration data frameworks Clinical Application of Information Communication Brilliant cards Example acknowledgment and unbiased systems Mechanized patient records linkages Telemedicine and Tele wellbeing applications This enormous point of view on the jobs of innovation in the dynamic human services calling has a few preferences. As respects to dynamic the administration be educated about commitments that the correct programming introduced is adding to the issue of assets portion notwithstanding tending to the necessities the tackling issues present (Sergeev, Stepanov, Akulinin, Mitsik, 2014). Moreover, a far reaching assessment of clinical innovation with respect to evaluating the impact on medicinal services will improve productivity and execution of the clinical establishments. The human services industry is encountering monstrous mechanical progression that incorporates: The cloud-Recent investigation suggest the way that 77% of cloud benefits in the medicinal services are medium hazard while over 13% are said to have the high hazard for security fades. Computerized diagnostics-The arrangement of advanced diagnostics to people who can't get to a specialists office is vital to the soundness of a person. Neurotrack is an indicative test programming put together Alzheimer which finds disengagements with respect to the hippocampus. Ultra-quick scanners-These are contrived that can catch the hearts picture in the particular beat. The examination shows that 60% of patients displays 60 beats for every moment of which the scanner can't gauge in this manner dismissed by the sweep (Soni, 2010). Wearable-The report from purchaser gadgets affiliation demonstrates that income and deals of savvy watches and wellness trackers will hit $ 1 billion as years move by. For the moment, the attributes of Parkinsons infection were found by the collaborating of Intel and Michael J.Fox Foundation. Attendant clinical administrations The framework permits one to pay for administrations or items that are on request in pay out of the pocket way. For instance, a few urban communities permit one to look for an office that meets your requirements, get email get to, online projects and arrangements and get instructional courses from proficient specialists (Zadjali M, 2014). Systems and instructing Technology improves simpler customization of diet and wellbeing plans. Blossom with is training apparatus for giving plans by dealing with ones self-perception, uneasiness, stress, state of mind and other mental issue. Retrofit is fundamental for offering to mentor with respect to weight the board and weight reduction. Self-protection Most purchasers consider dealing with their future medical coverage information because of the appearance of reasonable Care Act. Jiff is a taking care of medical issue that joins worker collaboration to the organization which consequently advantages and motivators are met. Hackathons-This is a computerized device that is quickly taking care of issues which radiate from the medicinal services industry. Cloud frameworks, programming advancements, applications among others are because of hackathons. End The new innovative headway keeps on jabbing openings I

Kate Chopins Literary Works free essay sample

An examination of the books, The Storm and The Story of an Hour by Kate Chopin. This paper talks about two abstract works by Kate Chopin The Storm and The Story of an Hour. The paper clarifies how Chopin has vented her sexuality through the principle characters in these two books, Calixta and Louise. The paper shows how she made her own perspectives on sexuality open, while around then no lady could do as such; how she guided forward in the event that not legitimately, at that point in a roundabout way with the assistance of Calixta and Louise. Kate Chopins The Stormand The Story of an Hour establish respected writing as her view focuses delineate speculation a long ways early. As she builds top to bottom the story she uncovers to the world various viewpoints that finished in the general public at that point, and how the genders responded to it. Swearing off ridiculous methodology, she restricted herself to the creating field of human feelings and the preliminary they may stand or result as an outcome of one. We will compose a custom paper test on Kate Chopins Literary Works or on the other hand any comparative point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page

Netflix case study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Netflix contextual analysis - Essay Example Netflix is confronting firm rivalry from different players, for example, You Tube, Video on Demand and iTunes that offer less expensive and dependable film items (Thompson 138). A key achievement factor later on film industry is the capacity to control and command the different film dispersion channels, for example, the Apple iPhone dissemination channels, web circulation channels and rental channels. The simple entry, evaluating and size of substance library are key achievement factors in the new film rental industry since clients require accommodation and wide-assortment of amusement content. Netflix ought to put resources into exclusive programming that will permit the client simple of-utilization and suggest films relying upon earlier client gushing or search terms on the film library (Thompson 142). The achievement of Netflix will require the organization to deal with its expenses so as to decrease the rental business expenses and keep concentrating on innovation to convey the m otion pictures to the clients. As indicated by 2012 study, numerous shoppers affirmed that boundless web gushing offered preferable client esteem over compensation per see alternative. Long haul associations with electronic makers will improve the market reach and empower Netflix obtain new clients in its gushing choice business (Thompson 144). Netflix is confronting the risk of pilfered gushing library and hardened rivalry from increasingly inventive film rental suppliers, for example, Apple’s iTunes, Blockbuster, Amazon Instant video and You Tube. (Thompson 142).

The Purpose of Research Proposal

The Purpose of Research ProposalThe purpose of a research proposal is to generate interest in the research project and get funding. The research proposal is really the first step in the whole process of finding a grant. Nowadays, it is very common for all research proposals to be accepted. However, a good research proposal can also serve as a good impression to an evaluator.This will not only create interest in the proposal but also prevent the evaluator from turning it down. Research proposals are written well, as they will be under scrutiny by an evaluator and will help the evaluator to figure out what project to fund. It will also help the researcher determine how he or she can best present his or her research.If you want to become a better researcher, it is essential that you prepare a well-written research proposal. Some people do not think it is important to prepare a good research proposal. It is actually important because a poorly written research proposal could lead to rejec tion. And if that happens, the researcher will have wasted valuable time and not to mention money. So, get to work now and prepare a strong research proposal.As in any other document, a well-written research proposal should have a convincing argument. In fact, most clients will try to evaluate your proposal by considering the details. Research proposals have to convince the evaluator. Just make sure that you deliver a strong argument. This is one of the most important aspects in writing a good research proposal.In addition, a well-written research proposal will also convey the information needed to the evaluator. Sometimes, an evaluator does not understand the abstract and needs to find out more information. This can be hard to do if there is not enough information to go by.If you are planning to write a research proposal, there are many things you can do. You can either hire an experienced writer or do it yourself. You may find it hard to know where to start if you do not have expe rience writing research proposal.Experience is a very important factor when writing a research proposal. You can find resources online that offer templates, sample papers, and even sample research proposals. There are so many samples, and it can be hard to decide which ones to choose. You may be able to get a good idea by searching online.In conclusion, a research proposal must be prepared correctly in order to be effective. You should be able to present the research in a concise and effective manner. You should also be able to convince the evaluator of the merits of your research. Good luck!

Research Paper on Global Positioning System

Research Paper on Global Positioning System Abstract Irrespective of time, location, and whether, Global Position System provides unparalleled range of services to commercial military and consumer applications. Majority of these services enables airborne, land, and sea users to know their exact velocity, location, and time whenever and wherever on Earth. The development and capabilities of the GPS technology have rendered obsolete and impractical, other traditional positioning and well-known navigation systems and technologies such as magnetic compasses, radio-based devices, and chronometers among others. Global Positioning System consists of 24 satellites, 21 of which are active while three (3) are spares and are located at an altitude of 10600 miles above the surface of the earth (El-Rabbany, 2002). GPS receivers on the ground is fitted with computers that are capable of triangulating its own sense after obtaining bearings from the other three (4) of the four (4) GPS satellites located in the same horizon. GPS segments are categorize d into three distinct segments that include space segment, control segment, and user segment. Global Positioning systems perform an array of functions on land, in air, or at sea. There are specific features that make GPS systems be attractive. These includes the ability to provide high positioning accuracies, the capability to determine accurate time and velocity accuracies, readily available signals in any part of the world, the free services at no charge, and all all-weather service delivery system (Andrews, Weill, and Grewal, 2007). Despite the above advantages, a number of challenges that still impede the transmission of signals still exist within the limits of GPS technologies. Majority of these challenges includes errors such as inaccuracies associated with the reported location of satellites (orbital errors), receiver clock errors, signal multipath, and number of visible satellites, which can affect position reading or impede signal reception. Global Positioning System Irrespective of time, location, and whether, Global Position System provides unparalleled range of services to commercial military and consumer applications. Majority of these services enables airborne, land, and sea users to know their exact velocity, location, and time whenever and wherever on Earth. The development and capabilities of the GPS technology have rendered obsolete and impractical, other traditional positioning and well-known navigation systems and technologies such as magnetic compasses, radio-based devices, and chronometers among others. Twenty-four (24) GPS satellites are strategically located 10, 600 miles from Earth and they are in circular orbits with each other (El-Rabbany, 2002). The orbital period is 12 hours, and satellites are distributed in six orbital planes with equally spaced angles. Out of the 24 GPS satellites, twenty-one (21) are active while three (3) are spaces. The GPS satellites are spaced in such a manner that four (4) GPS satellites will always b e beyond the horizon. In terms of structure and composition, each GPS satellite is equipped with an atomic clock, a computer, and a radio. Each radio understands its own clock and orbit thereby enabling it to broadcast continuously any changes in time and position. For instance, any minor corrections are made on each day after each GPS satellite verifies its own sense of position and time with other stations located on the ground. GPS receivers on the ground are fitted with computers that are capable of triangulating its own sense after obtaining bearings from the other three (4) of the four (4) GPS satellites located in the same horizon (El-Rabbany, 2002). The display screen on GPS receivers shows a map whereby the position of the object can be drawn from the map. Identification of geographic positions and altitude becomes possible if signals from the fourth satellite are receivable. Interestingly, the receivers are capable of calculating direction and speed during movements, and this capability enables navigators to estimate the arrival times to specified locations. Readings in most receivers are obtained in the form of geographic positions, that is, latitude and longitude. Finally, advanced and specialized GPS receivers can be programmed to store vital data that are usable in map making and as well important for Geographic Information Systems. Project Objectives This report limits itself to the discussion of the Global Positioning Systems, their structure, operations, and usefulness in different sectors and applications across the globe. This report aims to fulfill the following objectives: Explain what is meant by Global Position Systems and other GPS terminologies and as well shed some light on its history Discuss the structure and operations of GPS system Explain the different structures of GPS segments Outline the primary functions of GPS systems and technologies Examine the accuracy of GPS information and if possible, identify sources of errors that can affect the accuracy of GPS information Identify the primary users of GPS applications and other necessary conditions that should be fulfilled when purchasing GPS systems Identify other competitor versions of GPS systems Global Positioning Systems and their History Global Positioning Systems (GPS) refers to satellite-based radio-positioning systems and time-transfer systems that provide three-dimensional course, position, and time information to suitably equipped users. The radios sends, receives, and provides time and location information at any time, place, and weather provided the GPS radios are not obstructed from the four other orbital satellites. Other valuable information displayed by GPS technologies includes velocity and altitude. The U.S. Department of Defense designs, finances, and operates GPS systems while the USA owns the GPS technology. Other than the unparalleled advantages offered to the military, GPS systems have proven to be of fundamental benefits to the civilian community whereby GPS applications are used in rapidly expanding sets of applications. The Global Positioning System consists of 24 satellites that are in circular orbits around the Earth with the orbital period of approximately 12 hours (Kaplan, 1996). The satellit es are distributed across six orbital planes that are equally spaced in angles. Each Global Positioning Satellite is built with an atomic clock, a computer, and a radio The history of GPS systems can be traced to 1973 when the United States Department of Defense began to develop a 24-hour, all-weather global positioning system to provide support for the positioning requirements of US armed forces. The GPS was formerly referred to as the NAVSTAR (Navigation Satellite Timing and Ranging). Ideally, the GPS system was designed as a form of replacement to already large navigational system that was already in use, and as well, the need to obtain reliability and survivability for navigation systems in handling a wide variety of dynamics (Kaplan, 1996; Parkinson, and Spilker 1996). Other motives that initiated the development of GPS Technology included the need for a system to service unlimited users, and a system that does not require the transmission of signals from users to satellites. Eventually, it led to the design of a system that surpassed the intended concepts such that a one-way system was developed to transmit signals with no receiving functions. This function was essential in that enemies could not detect signals being relayed within the confines of the military. Additionally, the developed system used microwave transmission technology, was equipped with the latest atomic clocks, could transmit signals regardless of the prevailing weather conditions, and provided accurate navigation and positioning details (Parkinson, and Spilker 1996). Due to the relatively cheap cost and inexpensive equipment, the GPS technology was availed freely to the civilian population. Structure and operations of the GPS As earlier mentioned, the Global Positioning System consists of 24 satellites, 21 of which are active while three (3) are spares and are located at an altitude of 10600 miles above the surface of the earth (El-Rabbany, 2002). The satellites are strategically arranged in orbits such that at any time of the day, at least four satellites are visible above the earth’s horizon. The receivers on the ground detect their positions in reference to the GPS satellites. The primary navigation principle is obtained based on the measurement of pseudoranges between the four satellites and the user (Seeber, 2003). Equally, the stations located on the ground provide precise monitoring of the orbit at every level of the satellite and measures the travel time signals transmitted between the four satellites and the receiver. In turn, the accurate direction, location, and speed is the measure. Structures of GPS Segments GPS segments are categorized into three distinct segments that include control segment, user segment, and space segment. The space segment contains at least 24 GPS satellites that follow a specific pattern when orbiting the earth (Seeber, 2003). The satellites travel at an approximate speed of 7,000 miles per hour, and the satellites are spaced such that at least four GPS satellites can send signals to a GPS receiver located anywhere on earth. From each GPS receiver, coded radio signals are sent to earth and each signal contains particular information. The information includes the particular satellite sending the information, the exact position of the satellite, date and time the signal was sent, and whether the satellite was performing properly. Satellites use solar energy, but they are also powered by backup batteries in the absence of solar energy (Seeber, 2003). Majority of the satellites have been built to last for approximately 10 years after which they are replaced. Monitoring , control, and replacement of space satellites and GPS technology is done by the US Department of Defense. The control segment entails constant monitoring of the health of satellites, the orbital configuration, and intensity of signals. The control segment is further subdivided into ground antennas, monitor stations, and master control station. There are at least six unmanned monitor stations all over the earth, each station is in constantly receiving, and monitoring information from GPS satellites and at the same time relays the clock and orbital information to master control stations (MCS). Similarly, Master Control Stations make precise corrections of orbital and clock information received from monitor stations. It sends the corrected information to ground antennas (Seeber, 2003). Last, the Ground Antennas are responsible for receiving corrected clock and orbital information from the Master Control Station and in turn, relays the corrected information to appropriate satellites. Finally, the user segment of the GPS systems is made up of GPS receivers, which are responsible for collecting and processing signals received from GPS satellites that are in the range. It then uses the collected information to find and display the location, time, speed, and altitude of the receiver (Seeber, 2003). No information is transmitted from the receiver to the satellites. Primary Functions of Global Positioning Systems Global Positioning systems perform an array of functions on land, in air, or at sea. There are specific features that make GPS systems be attractive. These includes the ability to provide high positioning accuracies, the capability to determine accurate time and velocity accuracies, readily available signals in any part of the world, the free services at no charge, and all all-weather service delivery system (Andrews, Weill, and Grewal, 2007). Above all, GPS technologies provide accurate position information in three dimensions (vertical and horizontal information). Currently, it is estimated that the number of civilian users exceeds the number of military users. In light of these characteristics, the global sectors are exceedingly utilizing the services of GPS technologies. GPS systems were initially designed for military purposes and they have remained significant in facilitating military operations. Military ships, aircraft, tanks, and equipment use GPS technology for navigation purposes, provision of close air support, improving weapon technology, and determining target destination. In agriculture, GPS technologies are used in precision farming to monitor the process of applying fertilizer and pesticides in addition to proving accurate location information that enable farmers to plow, map fields, harvest, and identify potential disease areas or weed infestation. In the aviation industry, aircraft and airplane pilots utilize GPS technology to identify en route navigation and airport approaches. Additionally, the accurate location of aircraft can be identified from any place on or near the earth’s surface through the help of Satellite navigation (Andrews, Weill, and Grewal, 2007). In environmental management, GPS technology has been utilized in surveying disaster prone areas, and as well in mapping the movement of environmental phenomena such as hurricanes or forest fires. Interestingly, GPS technology can also be used in the identification of locations that have been altered or submerged by natural disasters. Another area that utilizes GPS technology is Ground transportation. GPS technologies are used in vehicle tracking systems, in-vehicle navigation systems, and in automatic vehicle location systems. Majority of these systems shows the location of vehicles on an electronic sheet map thereby enabling drivers to track their exact locations and as well, get an overview of other destinations. Other systems are designed to automatically design a route and provide turn-by-turn directions to provide guidance to drivers. Furthermore, GPS technologies facilitates the process of monitoring and planning routes for emergency vehicles and delivery vans. Rail transport systems also use GPS technologies to estimate precise locations of trains, manage the flow of traffic, prevent collision of trains, and in the estimation of time, speed, and distance covered by trains (Andrews, Weill, and Grewal, 2007). In marine systems, GPS technologies assist in marine navigation, surveying underwater, routing traff ic, locating navigational hazards, and marine mapping. Moreover, commercial fishing fleets use GPS technology to identify and navigate to areas with optimum fishing opportunities and as well to track the migration of fishes. GPS technologies are also used for public safety such as locating emergency areas, and in recreation for finding bearings, estimating distance, time, and in returning to the original locations. Space science also utilizes GPS technologies to track and control the behavior and motions of satellites in orbit. Space shuttles and future rockets also depend on GPS technologies. Finally yet important, field of surveying heavily utilizes GPS technologies in both complex and basic tasks such as development of urban infrastructures and defining property lines respectively. Furthermore, mapping roads, rail systems, and surveying land maps is possible with the utilization of GPS technologies. Accuracy of Global Position Systems The accuracy of GPS systems depends with the precision of signals that emanate from GPS satellites to GPS receivers. Additionally, the number of obstacles that can obscure your receiver from the GPS systems are critical in the determining the precision and accuracy of information obtained from GPS systems. The types of receivers also play a significant role in the determination of GPS accuracy. Majority of GPS receivers have an accuracy range of +/- 10m. Other accurate forms of GPS receivers include Differential Global Positioning Systems (DGPS). The accuracy of most GPS systems is affected by errors. Common sources of errors to GPS systems include inaccuracies associated with the reported location of satellites (orbital errors), receiver clock errors, signal multipath that makes GPS signals bounce off objects, and number of visible satellites, which can affect position reading or impede signal reception (Tsui, 2005). Satellite Shading also affects the accuracy of the information. For instance, the ideal satellite geometry is achieved when satellites are widely located at angles that are relative to one another. Ideal Characteristics of Global Positioning Systems In order to obtain accurate information from Global Positioning Systems, specific factors should be put into consideration during the acquisition of GPS tools. First, the GPS tool should be durable to ensure that it is capable of withstanding rigors work and continued usage. Second, the ability of the GPS tool to obtain and maintain the most reliable signal strength despite the existence of obstructions such as the location, changing weather conditions, and the sensitivity of the receiver (Tsui, 2005). Third, GPS components consume a lot of power and therefore, battery life is a critical factor to consider during the acquisition of GPS equipment. Other noteworthy features include the portability ranges, cellular signal reliability, the length of acquiring GPS signals from satellites, configuration complexities, and ease of use among others. GPS Competitors The closest competitor of GPS technology is the Wide Are Augmentation System (WAAS) that consists of satellites and ground stations capable of providing accurate positioning. The WAAS technology was developed by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). A good example of WAAS is the European Geostationary Navigation Overlay Service (EGNOS). The WAAS program was specifically developed to assist pilots is determining direct en route paths, identifying precision approach services to runways, and to ensure maximum capacity and safety improvements in all weather conditions (Tsui, 2005). WAAS users are required to have WAAS-capable receivers to enable them obtain signals in areas covered by WAAS satellites. Results and Conclusions The analysis and discussion of Global Positioning System concepts has revealed that GPS technology is a force in the force. Perhaps the system designers had different intentions when developing and designing GPS technologies but these applications have added to the versatility of usage of GPS not only as a system for estimating the precise positioning of objects but also in the provision of accurate and reliable navigation information. Irrespective of time, location, and whether, Global Position System provides unparalleled range of services to commercial military and consumer applications. Majority of these services enables airborne, land, and sea users to know their exact velocity, location, and time whenever and wherever on Earth. Indeed, the GPS technology supports numerous positioning and navigation applications that satisfy a multitude of user needs. At this moment, the widespread usage of GPS applications in different sectors of the economy makes it exceedingly difficult to th ink of a life without Global Positioning Systems. It is evident that creating a complex system such as the GPS technology is not an easy task and this can be proven from the few competitors of GPS technology. GPS technologies and systems are used in different sectors of society. This includes road and rail transportation, marine navigation, agriculture, the airline industry, space science, recreation, military, and in the provision of public safety among others. Information and signals relayed by GPS systems are safe and reliable thereby making GPS technology the ideal navigation and positioning equipment. The evaluation and analysis of the structure, operation, and application of GPS systems have shown that maintaining the GPS technology is a complex activity given the nature of the GPS technologies. Notwithstanding these complexities, GPS services are maintained and offered free of charge thereby making it available for an unlimited number of users and applications. Global Positioning Systems have a potential future judging from the current technological advancements. Virtually, every communication and navigation device is manufactured or fitted with a GPS receiver. From basic consumer electronic products such as mobile phones to complex navigation and military tools such as ships, aircrafts, and weapons, are both built with GPS technologies (Tsui, 2005). Importantly, the Global Positioning System is also advancing at an increasing rate and therefore, more is still to be expected with regard to the future of GPS tools and applications. Despite the above advantages, a number of challenges that still impede the transmission of signals still exist within the limits of GPS technologies. Majority of these challenges includes errors such as inaccuracies associated with the reported location of satellites (orbital errors), receiver clock errors, signal multipath, and number of visible satellites, which can affect position reading or impede signal reception. These errors have an effect of affecting the signal strength and in turn, leading to inaccurate positioning and navigation information. Nonetheless, these challenges can be avoided by ensuring that GPS receivers and equipment are evaluated to test their reliability. Factors that must be considered during the evaluation of GPS systems include durability, the capability to obtain and maintain the most reliable signal strength, and power consumption (Tsui, 2005). As such, a number of procedures can be followed in evaluating GPS tools and equipment. These includes conducti ng an evaluation and testing exercise to ascertain the ideal characteristics, identifying the credibility of vendors, examining the legal considerations, and lastly, identifying ways of overcoming the challenges. Overall, there is potential in GPS technology provided corrective measures be taken and as well, there is the need to conduct immense research and innovation in GPS technology to ensure its sustainability. References Andrews, A., P., Weill, L. R., and Grewal, S. G. (2007). Global Positioning Systems, Inertial Navigation, and Integration. John Wiley Sons El-Rabbany, A. (2002). Introduction to GPS: the Global Positioning System. Artech House Kaplan, E. D. ed. (1996). Understanding GPS: Principles and Applications. Boston: Artech House Publishers. Parkinson, B. W., and Spilker. J. J. eds. (1996). Global Positioning System: Theory and Practice. Volumes I and II. Washington, DC: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Inc. Seeber, G. (2003). Satellite Geodesy (2nd Edition). Walter de Gruyter Inc. Tsui, B. J. (2005). Fundamentals of Global Positioning System receivers: A software Approach. John Wiley and Sons

Managerial Applications of Information Technology

Information Technology Management: Unification of the actual and future information systems used by Incodepf and the new global innovations in technology Karen Lorena Ospina Hidalgo Managerial Applications of Information Technology DeVry University, Keller Graduate School of Management April 13, 2014 Subject of Course Project: Information Technology Management: Unification of the actual and future information systems used by Incodepf and the new global innovations in technology. Table of Contents 1. Abstract 2. Brief Company background 3. Discussion of business problem(s) 4. High level solution 5. Benefits of solving the problem 6. Business/technical approach 7. Business process changes 8. Technology or business†¦show more content†¦From this, a deficiency in the technological infrastructure is generated since most internal processes are carried out manually, using more personal, natural resources, increased spending on time, and with high probability of losing customers the constant telephone use. In this case, when a customer calls is normal to find the line busy and the company is losing potential customers. The idea is to include more technology in the organization to benefit clients and staff, in order to be more efficient and productive to meet and satisfy internal and external customers. High level solution In order to increase the operational efficiency, inside Incodepf it is useful understand what is it. Operational excellence means determine how technology helps and improves the efficiency of the operations to achieve productivity, capability, and effectiveness in the firm. The information systems help to achieve the operational excellence through make the operations faster, simple, and organized. Also, to improve the communications inside and between the company and customers. The information systems help the company in achieve and improve productivity and effectiveness through the efficiency of the operations (Laudon, 2012). Giving operational efficiency through the technological information (IT) will bring effectiveness and efficiency in processes such as taking orders through technological and electronic mobile devices such as iPad with software that allow thisShow MoreRelatedManagerial Applications of Information Technology5651 Words   |  23 PagesIS535 Managerial Application Of Information Technology Assignment 4 Articles This article describes the technology that enables clients of IBMs federated database engine to access and integrate the data and specialized computational capabilities of a wide range of relational and non-relational data sources. 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Business/technical approach†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.6, 7 7. Interim’s Systems†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.Read MoreMIS 535 Entire Course Managerial Application of Information Technology3099 Words   |  13 Pagesï » ¿CLCIK TO DOWNLOAD MIS 535 Entire Course Managerial Application of Information Technology MIS 535 Quiz Week 4 1. (TCO A) Cloud computing   2. (TCO B) Internet technology   3. (TCO C) Which common database challenge is illustrated by the text s discussion of receiving multiple pieces of 4. (TCO A) List and describe the four information systems serving each of the major functional areas of 5. (TCO B) How have mobile devices and social media changed the†¦?   6. 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